Freeze & Refreeze Pastries : What You MUST Know

Pastries-those flaky, buttery, golden-brown wonders that make our mornings better, our afternoons a little sweeter, and our celebrations just a tad more special. But let’s face it, baking fresh pastries every single time we crave them can be a bit of a hassle.

That’s where freezing comes in!

Freezing pastries is a game-changer, and once you know the ins and outs, you’ll wonder why you never thought to do it sooner. From croissants to puff pastry delights, there are so many reasons why freezing pastries is the ultimate kitchen hack. Imagine having a stockpile of perfectly flaky pastries ready to bake at a moment’s notice, no rush, no stress. Whether you want to prep ahead for a busy week, preserve a batch of homemade pastries, or simply indulge in a bit of convenience without sacrificing quality, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know about freezing pastries like a pro.

But freezing pastries isn’t just about shoving a tray of dough in the freezer and calling it a day. There are some crucial steps, tips, and tricks that ensure your pastries retain that mouthwatering texture, flavor, and charm after they’ve been frozen.

Believe it or not, the way you prepare and store your pastries before freezing makes all the difference. From choosing the right type of pastry to perfecting your packaging and knowing exactly when to bake them straight from frozen, this guide will take you step-by-step through the process. Whether you’re a novice in the kitchen or a seasoned baker looking for some efficiency, freezing pastries is an essential skill to master, and by the end of this article, you’ll be freezing pastries with confidence!.

Can You Freeze Pastries?

Pastries, with their flaky layers, buttery richness, and mouthwatering fillings, are undeniably a culinary delight. Whether it’s a delicate croissant, a perfectly baked Danish, or a decadent fruit-filled turnover, pastries are a beloved treat.

But what happens if you find yourself with more pastries than you can enjoy right away?

Can you freeze them to enjoy later?

The answer is yes, you can freeze pastries, but like with most baked goods, the way you freeze them and how you thaw them plays a significant role in maintaining their flavor, texture, and quality.

While some pastries freeze better than others, most can retain their integrity if frozen and stored properly. Freezing is an excellent solution to preserving their taste and freshness, especially for items like puff pastry, croissants, and even filled pastries such as turnovers or eclairs.

The key is in how you handle the freezing process. Improperly frozen pastries can suffer from freezer burn, sogginess, or a loss of their signature flaky texture. However, if done correctly, you can enjoy them as if they were freshly baked, saving you time and minimizing food waste.

Proper Method For Freezing Pastries

To ensure the best results when freezing pastries, follow these detailed steps to preserve their delicate texture and flavor:

  1. Cool Completely Before Freezing:

    Before freezing your pastries, always allow them to cool to room temperature. Freezing them while still warm can cause condensation, which may lead to sogginess upon thawing.

    This can ruin the crispness of puff pastry or the flakiness of croissants. Patience here is key for the best results.

  2. Wrap Pastries Individually:

    Wrap each pastry tightly in plastic wrap or parchment paper to shield them from air, which can cause freezer burn. This layer of protection helps preserve the quality and prevents them from absorbing any unwanted odors in the freezer.

  3. Use a Freezer Bag or Airtight Container:

    After wrapping each pastry, place them into a heavy-duty freezer bag or an airtight container. Squeeze out as much air as possible from the bag before sealing.

    If using a container, make sure it’s snug and that there’s minimal air space. This extra step prevents moisture loss and protects against freezer burn.

  4. Label and Date the Packages:

    It’s easy to forget when you froze a batch of pastries, so be sure to label each package with the date. This will help you keep track of their storage time and ensure you consume them within the recommended period.

  5. Consider Freezing Before Baking for Extra Freshness:

    For some pastries, such as croissants or Danish, it’s possible to freeze them before baking. This method is often preferred for homemade pastries.

    After shaping the dough and before adding any egg wash, freeze the unbaked pastries. Once frozen, you can place them into a freezer bag or airtight container. When ready to bake, simply pull them out and bake from frozen (adjusting baking time as needed).

Freezer Shelf Life Of Pastries

Pastries can last quite a while in the freezer if stored properly. Typically, frozen pastries will maintain their best quality for about 1 to 3 months, although they can remain safe to eat beyond that time.

The general rule of thumb is that the sooner you consume them, the better the flavor and texture will be. However, the freezer shelf life largely depends on the type of pastry and the filling (if any). For example:.

  • Plain, Unfilled Pastries (like croissants or puff pastry): These can last around 3 months in the freezer without significant loss of texture or taste.
  • Filled Pastries (such as fruit-filled turnovers or cream-filled éclairs): These may last closer to 1 to 2 months, as the fillings can sometimes lose their quality over time. Ingredients like cream or custard fillings are particularly prone to texture changes after freezing.

To get the best flavor and texture, aim to eat frozen pastries within the first two months. Freezing for longer periods can still preserve them, but they may lose some of their fresh-baked appeal.

Fridge Shelf Life Of Pastries

refreeze pastries

While freezing pastries is an excellent way to preserve them for an extended period, refrigerating them is a short-term solution. Generally, pastries are best enjoyed within a day or two when stored in the refrigerator.

The colder temperature helps slow down the spoilage process, but it can also affect the texture, particularly for flaky pastries like croissants. The moisture in the fridge can cause pastries to lose their crispness, and they might become soft or soggy.

For maximum freshness, pastries should be kept in an airtight container or wrapped tightly in plastic wrap to prevent drying out. Avoid leaving pastries exposed in the fridge, as they can easily absorb odors from other food items.

Additionally, if you plan on keeping pastries in the fridge for more than a day, consider reheating them in the oven to restore some of the original texture. A few minutes in a preheated oven at 350°F (175°C) can help re-crisp pastries like croissants or Danish, giving them that freshly baked feel.

Freezing pastries is a fantastic way to extend their shelf life and enjoy them at your convenience, but it’s essential to follow proper freezing and storage methods. Cooling the pastries completely before wrapping them, storing them in airtight containers or freezer bags, and properly labeling them will ensure that they stay fresh and delicious when you’re ready to eat them.

Pastries can last in the freezer for up to 3 months, though the texture and quality may begin to degrade over time, particularly with filled pastries. For short-term storage, refrigeration can be a solution, but it’s not ideal for maintaining that signature crispness. Whether you’re freezing pastries for later or storing them in the fridge, always make sure to take care with how you handle them to retain their delightful taste and texture.

By using these techniques, you can continue enjoying your favorite pastries without the stress of finishing them all in one sitting, allowing you to savor them just like they were fresh out of the oven.

Is It Safe To Freeze Pastries?

Freezing pastries is a common and convenient method of preserving their freshness for a longer period. When done properly, freezing pastries can effectively prevent spoilage, maintain their flavor, and help you enjoy them at your convenience without sacrificing quality. However, it’s important to understand the nuances of freezing pastries to ensure that their safety and texture remain intact.

First and foremost, it is entirely safe to freeze pastries. Both sweet and savory pastries, including puff pastry, croissants, tarts, and danishes, can be frozen without posing a risk to health.

The key to successful freezing lies in how the pastries are prepared and stored before freezing. Freezing pastries directly after baking or before baking (for unbaked dough) both work well, but they require careful handling to avoid sogginess or freezer burn.

To maximize safety, ensure that the pastries are cooled completely before freezing. Freezing them while hot can cause condensation, leading to ice crystals that can compromise the pastry’s structure and flavor.

If you’re freezing pastries that have been baked, make sure to wrap them in an airtight container or a heavy-duty freezer bag. For unbaked pastries, it is recommended to freeze them on a baking sheet first, allowing them to firm up before transferring them to a bag. This step helps preserve their shape.

Impact Of Freezing On Quality

While freezing is a great way to prolong the life of pastries, it can affect their texture, flavor, and appearance. The impact on quality depends on the type of pastry and the method of freezing used.

Texture

Pastries that are flaky and airy, such as puff pastry or croissants, can suffer in texture when frozen. The freezing process causes water molecules within the dough to form ice crystals, which can rupture cell walls and alter the delicate structure.

Upon thawing, the flaky layers might become less crisp, and the pastry could turn out soggy or tough. To minimize these effects, it’s essential to ensure that pastries are well-wrapped, which prevents the formation of excess moisture. Freezing pastries that are not fully baked (such as croissants) can sometimes result in better texture preservation since they undergo the final bake after being thawed.

Flavor

The flavor of most pastries is relatively unaffected by freezing, especially when properly stored. However, pastries with cream or custard fillings may not freeze as well, as the texture of these fillings can degrade or separate after freezing and thawing.

The freezing process may also slightly dull the flavor of certain pastries, especially if they are stored in the freezer for an extended period. Ideally, pastries should be consumed within a few months of freezing to ensure the best flavor.

Appearance

Pastries that are frozen for too long may develop freezer burn, which leads to discoloration and a dry, leathery texture. This happens when moisture escapes from the pastry and forms ice crystals on the surface.

To avoid freezer burn, tightly wrap pastries in plastic wrap, aluminum foil, or vacuum-sealed bags, and use them within a reasonable timeframe. Also, glazing or icing on pastries can sometimes be affected by freezing, becoming brittle or uneven once thawed.

Thawing Pastries

The way you thaw frozen pastries can greatly influence their final texture and taste. There are a few methods you can use, each with its own advantages.

Thawing At Room Temperature

For most pastries, the simplest and most effective method is to thaw them at room temperature. This allows the pastry to defrost slowly, giving the layers time to reabsorb moisture and regain some of their original crispness.

This method works especially well for pastries like danishes, croissants, or puff pastry. Simply remove the pastries from their packaging, place them on a wire rack or plate, and let them sit for a few hours, depending on the size and thickness. Be careful not to leave them at room temperature for too long, as they could become overly soft or soggy.

Reheating After Thawing

While some pastries may be ready to enjoy straight from the thaw, many benefit from a quick reheat. A warm oven or toaster oven is ideal for restoring that crispy exterior, especially in pastries like croissants and puff pastry.

Preheat the oven to around 350°F (175°C), and bake the pastries for 5-10 minutes, just until they are heated through and crispy on the outside. This helps revive some of the pastry’s flakiness and freshness.

Thawing Overnight

If you’re planning ahead, you can thaw pastries overnight in the refrigerator. This slower method can be especially useful for pastries that might lose their structure with rapid thawing.

If you opt for this method, make sure the pastries are stored in an airtight container to avoid excess moisture absorption. After thawing, you can reheat them briefly in the oven to bring back their original texture.

Freezing pastries is an excellent option for preserving leftovers or making ahead for busy days, but it requires a little care to ensure quality is maintained. While freezing is generally safe and can help extend the shelf life of both baked and unbaked pastries, it can have a noticeable effect on texture, flavor, and appearance. Pastries with delicate, flaky layers may experience some changes, but with the right storage techniques and thawing methods, you can still enjoy a delicious treat after freezing.

The key to preserving the quality of frozen pastries lies in proper wrapping and avoiding long-term storage. Freezing before baking can sometimes yield better results, especially for those light, airy pastries like croissants. Thawing at room temperature and reheating in the oven can help bring back the flaky, crisp exterior that defines a good pastry.

In short, while freezing does have an impact on quality, it is still an excellent method for extending the life of your favorite pastries without much sacrifice. By using the right techniques, you can successfully enjoy freshly frozen pastries that are almost as good as the day they were baked.

Can You Refreeze Pastries?

When it comes to pastries, they’re often considered a delicate treat that can lose their charm once frozen and thawed. However, yes, you can technically refreeze pastries, but the process requires careful attention to ensure that the texture, flavor, and safety aren’t compromised. The question of whether refreezing pastries is advisable depends on how the pastries were initially frozen, how they’ve been handled since thawing, and the type of pastry in question.

Pastries come in various forms, from buttery croissants to fruit-filled turnovers, and their freeze-and-thaw properties differ. While freezing can preserve their freshness and extend their shelf life, the delicate layers and flaky textures can become soggy or lose their crispness if not properly managed. If handled properly, refreezing is possible, but there are factors that need to be considered to keep your pastries safe to eat and maintain their desirable characteristics.

Limitations On Refreezing Pastries

Refreezing pastries is not always a straightforward decision. There are specific limitations and potential risks involved that should be considered:

  1. Quality Deterioration: The most significant issue when refreezing pastries is the degradation of texture and flavor. Pastries, especially those with delicate, flaky layers like croissants or puff pastry, tend to lose their light and crisp texture after being thawed and refrozen. The moisture released during the thawing process can make the pastry soggy, and when refrozen, it often becomes limp and dense.

  2. Moisture Loss and Ice Crystals: When pastries are frozen, the water inside the dough forms ice crystals. These ice crystals can break down the structure of the pastry. Every time you freeze and thaw a pastry, the ice crystals form and melt again, worsening the texture. Refreezing exacerbates this issue and can cause irreversible damage to the delicate layers, affecting the overall eating experience.

  3. Food Safety Concerns: The risk of bacterial growth also increases when pastries are thawed and left at room temperature for extended periods. Pastries containing perishable fillings (like cream, custard, or fruit) can pose a higher risk of foodborne illness if not handled correctly. If a pastry has been thawed and left at unsafe temperatures for more than two hours, it should not be refrozen, as it could lead to food contamination.

  4. Type of Pastry Matters: The type of pastry you are attempting to refreeze plays a significant role in the outcome. For example, pastries that have been made with rich butter layers, like puff pastry, often do not tolerate refreezing as well as simpler dough-based pastries. While savory pastries with less moisture, such as some types of savory hand pies or quiches, may fare better when refrozen, sweet pastries and those with custards or cream fillings should generally be avoided for refreezing.

Tips To Safely Refreeze Pastries

pastries

If you decide that refreezing is your best option, there are a few tips to help you do so safely and maintain the quality of your pastries as much as possible:

  1. Cool Pastries Completely Before Freezing: After you’ve thawed your pastries, allow them to cool completely at room temperature before attempting to refreeze them. This helps prevent condensation from forming inside the pastry during the freezing process, which could lead to sogginess.

  2. Refreeze Immediately After Thawing: Time is critical when refreezing pastries. Once thawed, pastries should be refrozen immediately to avoid prolonged exposure to temperatures in the danger zone (between 40°F and 140°F). If pastries have been sitting at room temperature for too long, refreezing them may not be safe.

  3. Wrap Pastries Well: The key to protecting the quality of your pastries during refreezing is ensuring they are wrapped tightly. Use plastic wrap, followed by aluminum foil, or store them in airtight freezer bags. The better they are sealed, the less air and moisture will affect the texture and prevent freezer burn.

  4. Use a Freezer with a Stable Temperature: For best results, make sure your freezer is at a stable temperature of 0°F (-18°C) or lower. A fluctuating temperature can cause the pastries to thaw and refreeze intermittently, resulting in a loss of texture and flavor.

  5. Do Not Refreeze Multiple Times: Avoid refreezing pastries multiple times, as the more they are frozen and thawed, the more they will lose their original qualities. It’s best to freeze only what you plan to use soon after thawing.

  6. Consider Reheating: When you’re ready to eat your refrozen pastries, it’s important to reheat them properly to bring back some of the original texture. Place them in the oven rather than microwaving to help re-crisp the outer layers. A brief stint in a hot oven (about 10-15 minutes at 375°F) should help restore some of the crispness.

Shelf Life For Safely Refreezing Pastries

The shelf life of pastries once refrozen depends on how well they were initially frozen and how they’ve been handled. Typically, pastries that have been refrozen can last anywhere from 1 to 3 months in the freezer. However, the quality diminishes over time, especially after multiple thaw-and-refreeze cycles.

  • Unbaked Pastries: If you freeze pastries before baking (like uncooked croissants or puff pastry), they typically last for 1-2 months. When refrozen after baking, their shelf life shortens.
  • Baked Pastries: Baked pastries generally last about 1 month in the freezer. While they may still be safe to eat after this time, the texture and flavor may suffer.

It’s always a good idea to label your pastries with the date they were frozen so you can track how long they’ve been stored. And remember, if they start showing signs of freezer burn or if they’ve been frozen too long, it’s best to discard them to avoid any risk to your health.

Refreezing pastries can be done, but it’s not without its limitations and risks. Quality degradation, moisture loss, and potential food safety concerns are all factors to weigh when deciding whether to refreeze your favorite pastry.

If done carefully, using the right methods, and within a safe timeframe, refreezing pastries can allow you to enjoy them for a bit longer. However, it’s essential to be realistic about the potential changes in texture and flavor, especially for more delicate varieties.

By following the proper guidelines for storage, handling, and reheating, you can enjoy your pastries while minimizing the negative effects of refreezing. Always keep in mind that pastries are meant to be enjoyed at their freshest, so if you plan on freezing and refreezing, aim to use them as soon as possible for the best experience.

Quality Impact After Refreezing Pastries

Refreezing pastries, especially delicate baked goods such as croissants, danishes, and puff pastries, often leads to a noticeable deterioration in quality. When pastries are frozen, the water content within the dough turns into ice crystals.

Upon thawing, these ice crystals begin to melt, causing the structure of the dough to break down. When a pastry is refrozen, the ice crystals formed during the second freeze are typically larger, exacerbating the breakdown of the dough’s structure even further. This leads to a significant loss of texture, making the pastries soggy or dry, and affecting their flaky, crisp characteristics.

The impact on flavor is also significant. Freezing and thawing multiple times can cause the pastry to lose its fresh, buttery taste, as the fats in the dough may degrade, and any fillings, such as custards or creams, may separate or become watery.

The overall experience of biting into a refrozen pastry tends to be less enjoyable, with flavors becoming muted or compromised. This is particularly evident in pastries where lightness and delicate flakiness are key elements of the eating experience. Over time, repeated freezing and thawing can also cause the pastry to become tough, losing its original melt-in-your-mouth quality.

From a structural standpoint, repeated freezing can also make pastries more prone to breaking or crumbling when handled, as the layers of dough lose their integrity. In the case of pastries with fillings, like fruit turnovers or filled croissants, refreezing can result in fillings that become soggy or leak, making the overall product less appealing both visually and texturally.

Indications That Pastries Should Not Be Refrozen

Certain signs indicate that a pastry should not be refrozen, as doing so would likely compromise its quality beyond repair. One of the most significant indicators is any visible change in texture after the initial thaw.

If a pastry has become soggy, mushy, or excessively dry after its first freezing and thawing cycle, it’s a sign that refreezing would only worsen these issues. Pastries that have already lost their crispness or that appear visibly deflated should not be refrozen, as these issues are unlikely to resolve with a second freezing cycle.

Another clear sign that refreezing isn’t advisable is if the pastry has been thawed for an extended period. If the pastry has been left at room temperature for too long, the dough will have absorbed excess moisture from the air, causing it to lose its original texture and becoming a breeding ground for bacteria. Once a pastry has been left out for too long, especially in warm or humid conditions, the risk of foodborne illness increases with refreezing, making it unsafe to attempt.

Additionally, the presence of visible ice crystals or freezer burn on the surface of the pastry indicates that the product has already undergone a significant amount of freezing and thawing. Freezer burn occurs when the pastry has been exposed to air during storage, causing dehydration and textural damage. While freezer burn doesn’t necessarily make the pastry unsafe to eat, it results in dry, flavorless portions that will only worsen if refrozen.

Lastly, pastries that have been filled with perishable ingredients, like cream, custard, or fresh fruit, should generally not be refrozen. These fillings are more prone to spoilage and separation upon thawing and refreezing, potentially leading to off-flavors or a loss of texture. Once these types of pastries have been thawed and re-warmed, it’s typically safer to consume them rather than attempting to refreeze.

Common Refreezing Mistakes

Refreezing pastries often comes with a series of mistakes that can compound the negative effects on quality. One of the most common mistakes is improper wrapping.

When pastries are not adequately sealed before being frozen, they are exposed to air, which can cause freezer burn. This is especially problematic for pastries with delicate, flaky layers that rely on moisture and fat to maintain their texture. Without airtight wrapping, they will lose their crispness and become dry or overly tough, making refreezing a futile exercise.

Another frequent mistake is refreezing pastries that have been improperly thawed. If pastries are left to thaw in the open air or at room temperature for too long, they can become a breeding ground for bacteria, which can pose food safety risks.

Thawing pastries in a refrigerator, on the other hand, ensures that they stay at a safe temperature until they are ready to be reheated or consumed. However, refreezing after such an improper thaw will not only damage the pastry but also may increase the risk of foodborne illness.

A third common error is not considering the type of pastry when deciding whether to refreeze it. As mentioned, some pastries, particularly those with cream fillings or other moisture-heavy ingredients, do not fare well with freezing and thawing.

For example, puff pastries with custard or croissants with creamy fillings should generally be avoided for refreezing. Refreezing these items can result in a soupy mess or soggy dough, which cannot be salvaged no matter how carefully they are reheated.

Finally, trying to refreeze pastries after they’ve been reheated is a mistake that many people overlook. Once pastries have been baked or reheated and then cooled down, their structure has already been altered.

Refreezing them after they’ve been subjected to heat will likely result in an even greater degradation of texture, making them rubbery, chewy, or brittle. This cycle of heating and freezing makes it nearly impossible for the pastry to retain its original qualities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while it is technically possible to refreeze pastries, it is generally not recommended if you wish to preserve their original texture, flavor, and overall quality. Freezing and thawing pastries multiple times leads to irreversible changes, particularly with regard to moisture content, texture, and flavor. The key to successfully enjoying pastries after freezing lies in careful handling and thoughtful decision-making about which pastries can withstand the process and how they are stored before being frozen.

To avoid the pitfalls of refreezing, it’s important to check the condition of your pastries after the first thaw and examine whether they are still suitable for freezing again. Ensuring proper wrapping and handling during the freezing and thawing process is essential to avoid unnecessary degradation of quality. If you ever find yourself uncertain about whether refreezing a pastry is a good idea, it’s often better to err on the side of caution and consume it after its initial thawing, ensuring a better overall culinary experience.

FAQs

Can I Freeze Homemade Pastries?

Yes, homemade pastries can be frozen. It is best to freeze them either before or after baking, depending on the type.

If freezing before baking, shape the pastries, place them on a baking sheet, and freeze until firm. Once frozen, transfer them to an airtight container or freezer bag. If freezing after baking, ensure the pastries are completely cooled before wrapping them tightly to prevent freezer burn.

How Do I Freeze Pastries Without Them Getting Soggy?

To prevent pastries from becoming soggy during freezing, ensure they are fully cooled before freezing, as excess moisture can cause sogginess. Wrap pastries tightly in plastic wrap or aluminum foil, then place them in a freezer-safe bag or container. For extra protection, consider wrapping the pastries in wax paper before using a second layer of plastic or foil.

Can Puff Pastry Be Frozen?

Yes, puff pastry freezes very well. You can freeze it either in its raw form or after baking.

If freezing raw puff pastry, roll it out and layer the sheets with parchment paper. Then, wrap the entire stack in plastic wrap and store it in a freezer bag. If freezing after baking, let the pastries cool completely and store them in an airtight container or freezer bag.

How Long Can I Freeze Pastries For?

Pastries can typically be frozen for up to 1 to 3 months for optimal quality. While freezing them for longer than that may affect the taste and texture, they will remain safe to eat indefinitely as long as they are kept at a constant freezing temperature.

Can I Freeze Pastries With Filling Inside?

Yes, you can freeze pastries with fillings like cream cheese, fruit, or chocolate. However, it is important to ensure the filling has cooled before freezing to prevent excess moisture. For best results, freeze the filled pastries individually before storing them in an airtight container or freezer bag.

Should I Thaw Frozen Pastries Before Baking?

It depends on the type of pastry. If you froze pastries before baking, you can bake them directly from the freezer, but you may need to increase the baking time slightly. If you froze baked pastries, it is best to thaw them at room temperature before reheating to preserve their texture and taste.

Can I Freeze Croissants?

Yes, croissants freeze very well. If freezing before baking, place the shaped croissants on a baking sheet and freeze them until solid, then transfer them to a freezer-safe container. If freezing after baking, let them cool completely before wrapping tightly and storing in the freezer.

How Do I Reheat Frozen Pastries?

To reheat frozen pastries, it is best to use an oven for the best texture. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C) and place the pastries on a baking sheet.

Heat them for about 10-15 minutes or until warm and crispy. You can also use a microwave for a faster option, but this may result in a softer texture.

Can I Freeze Pastries With Icing Or Glaze On Them?

Freezing pastries with icing or glaze is possible, but the glaze may lose its texture or become slightly runny once thawed. If possible, freeze the pastries without the icing and apply it after thawing and reheating. If you need to freeze them with icing, ensure it is fully set before wrapping and freezing.

Is It Better To Freeze Pastries Raw Or Baked?

Whether to freeze pastries raw or baked depends on your preference and the type of pastry. Freezing raw pastries can save time when you’re ready to bake them, and they often come out fresher and puffier.

On the other hand, freezing baked pastries can offer more convenience for ready-to-eat treats. Both options work well if done properly, but freezing raw may yield slightly better results for flaky pastries like croissants or puff pastry.